Full-scenario General Equipment for Cleanrooms
author: HKJH
2026-05-11
The core of a purification workshop (also known as dust-free workshop or cleanroom) lies in adopting a complete set of equipment systems to precisely control environmental parameters such as particulate matter, microorganisms, temperature and humidity. It builds a solid production safeguard for industries including electronics, pharmaceuticals, new energy and food.
Many newcomers to purification engineering often struggle to figure out which supporting equipment to use and the core functions of each device. Today we have sorted out a list of commonly used equipment for purification workshops, categorized by function for easy understanding. Even beginners can quickly grasp it and use it for direct reference.
I. Core Filtration System (The First Line of Defense for Cleanliness)
The cleanliness level of the purification workshop entirely relies on this system for layer-by-layer protection. It intercepts dust particles and microorganisms in the air at the source, serving as the "respiratory system" of the workshop.
Equipment Function
Primary Filter The first line of defense, mainly intercepting large particles ≥5μm such as dust and hair. It protects subsequent precision equipment, is washable and replaceable, with low cost, commonly used at fresh air inlets.
Medium Efficiency Filter Following primary filtration, it further captures medium-sized particles of 1-5μm (such as pollen and some bacteria), reducing the load on high-efficiency filters and extending their service life. Mostly installed in air conditioning systems.
High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter (HEPA/ULPA) The "ultimate guarantee" for cleanliness! HEPA filters achieve over 99.97% efficiency for 0.3μm particles, intercepting tiny contaminants like viruses and aerosols. ULPA filters are more stringent, with efficiency exceeding 99.9995% for 0.12μm particles, suitable for Class 100/Class 10 high-cleanliness scenarios (e.g., semiconductor manufacturing, sterile pharmaceuticals).
Fan Filter Unit (FFU) An independent air supply unit integrating a fan and HEPA filter, equivalent to a "mobile clean air supply station". Its modular design allows flexible layout, widely used in various purification workshops. It is one of the most widely covered core equipment, with single-unit failures not affecting overall operation.
II. Environmental Control System (Maintaining a Stable Clean Environment)
Clean air alone is not enough. It is also necessary to precisely control temperature, humidity, and pressure differentials through equipment to prevent external contamination and ensure stable production processes.
Equipment Function
Constant Temperature and Humidity Air Conditioning Unit The core of the purification system. It precisely regulates workshop temperature (typically 18-26°C) and humidity (45-65% RH), while integrating three-stage filtration. It ensures personnel comfort, prevents static electricity buildup, inhibits microbial growth, and is suitable for environmentally sensitive industries such as electronics and pharmaceuticals.
Differential Pressure Gauge Monitors the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the workshop and between areas of different cleanliness levels. It ensures that clean zones maintain positive pressure (usually ≥10Pa relative to non-clean zones), preventing the infiltration of unfiltered external air and avoiding cross-contamination.
Ionizing Air Blower Essential for electronic and semiconductor workshops. It neutralizes static electricity on object surfaces by ionizing air at high voltage, preventing micro-dust adsorption caused by static electricity and protecting chips and precision components from damage.
III. Personnel & Material Purification Equipment (Blocking External Pollution Sources)
Personnel and materials are the primary potential sources of contamination in a purification workshop. This type of equipment acts as a "purification checkpoint" to prevent contamination from being carried into the clean area.
Equipment Function
Air Shower A mandatory passage for personnel entering the clean area. It uses high-speed clean airflow at 20-25 m/s to blow away dust particles attached to the human body. The double-door interlock design prevents backflow of unfiltered air.
Cargo Air Shower Designed specifically for large materials and goods, with the same function as an air shower. It ensures thorough dust removal before bulk materials enter the clean area, suitable for workshops with large material inflow/outflow such as new energy and food industries.
Pass-Through Box Used for transferring small materials and samples. Equipped with UV sterilization, self-cleaning functions and interlocking devices, it reduces the number of cleanroom door openings and prevents cross-contamination. It is essential equipment for pharmaceutical and laboratory settings.
Clean Bench Provides a local ISO Class 5 (Class 100) clean environment. Available in vertical/horizontal laminar flow types, suitable for precision operations, microbial inoculation, sample processing and other scenarios.
IV. Local Purification & Auxiliary Equipment (For Specialized Requirements)
For the special processes of different industries, additional local purification or auxiliary equipment is required to balance practicality and flexibility.
Equipment Function
Clean Booth A modular and mobile local purification solution. It allows quick setup of local clean zones without large-scale factory renovations, ideal for temporary production and assembly line integration scenarios with high cost-effectiveness.
Biological Safety Cabinet Essential for pharmaceutical and biological laboratories. Classified into Class I, II, and III, it provides dual protection for personnel and products, preventing microbial leaks. Suitable for cell culture, vaccine development, and similar applications.
Particle Counter Monitors workshop cleanliness in real time, accurately detecting the number of particles in the air. It enables timely adjustments to equipment operation to ensure compliance with cleanliness standards.
Cleanroom Light Fixture Made of anti-glare, easy-to-clean LED materials. It meets workshop illumination requirements (≥300 Lux in the main working area) while preventing dust accumulation, fully complying with cleanroom standards.
V. Practical Tips
Core of Equipment Selection: Choose equipment based on the workshop cleanliness class (ISO 5-8) and industry requirements. For example, chip workshops require ULPA filters + ionizing air blowers, while food workshops focus on air showers + pass-through boxes.
Key Maintenance Practices: Filters need regular replacement (HEPA/ULPA every 1-2 years, or every 6 months in heavily polluted environments). Calibrate monitoring equipment regularly to ensure stable operation.
Cost-Effective Configuration: Standard workshops can use the basic setup: Primary Filter + Medium Efficiency Filter + HEPA Filter + FFU + Constant Temperature & Humidity Air Conditioner. Add local purification equipment for special areas as needed.
The core principle of cleanroom equipment configuration is "demand-based matching and coordinated operation" — there are no redundant devices; every unit safeguards the cleanliness level.
If you are unsure which equipment to select for your workshop (electronics, pharmaceuticals, food, etc.) or how to choose models, leave a comment with your industry and cleanliness class, and we’ll provide a precise recommendation✅
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